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Latin Name:	SOLANUM NIGRUM
Hindi Name:	MAKOI / KAKAMACI
English Name:	SOLANINE/ BLACK NIGHT SHADE




Guna:	LIGHT(LAGHU)/UNCTUOUS(SNIGDHA) / PUNGENT(KATU) / BITTER(TIKTA)
Rasa:	BITTER(TIKTA)
Veerya:	HOT(USHNA)
Vipak:	PUNGENT(KATU)



Dosha Reducing:	VATA / PITTA / KAPHA

Doses:	EXTRACT 10-20ML., POWDERED FRUIT 1-3GM., ARKA 20-50ML.
Parts Used:	WHOLE PLANT, FRUIT.
Habitat:	THROUGHOUT INDIA , UPTO 2,900 M. IN THE WESTERN HIMALAYAS.

Research On this Medicine

S. nigrum Linn. have long
been used in medicine for treatment of scrofulous dyscrasias (Schery,
423, 447; Bailey, 1949, 867; Bailey, 1947, III, 3180; Firminger, 431-32;
Gopalaswamiengar, 238, 363-64).
Several species of Solanum produce glycoalkaloids which on hydrolysis
and removal of sugar residues yield steroidal alkaloids with 27 carbon
atoms. Solanine (now resolved into six glycoalkaloids with common
aglycone), and solasonine are widely distributed among the members of
the genus. The aglycones of these two glycoalkaloids are respectively
solanidine (C27H43NO) and solasodine (C27H43NO2). The latter occurs as
the aglycone of solamargine and solanigrine (a- and ß-solanigrine). The
solanum glycoalkaloids are toxic to animals when injected. Like the
saponins, they are surface-active and haemolytic, and possess
antifungal and cytostatic properties. Solanum alkaloids have close
structural and configurational relationships with steroidal sapogenins
and many interconversions between alkaloids and steroids and steroidal
sapogenins have been accomplished. The more important glycoalkaloids of
Solanum spp., together with their aglycones and sugar components, are
listed in Table I (Manske & Holmes III, 248-53; VII, 343-45; X, 1-22;
Heftmann, 41).

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